Use of High Pressure NMR Spectroscopy to Rapidly Identify Proteins with Internal Ligand-Binding Voids
By
Donald Gagné,
Roksana Azad,
Uthama R Edupuganti,
Justin Williams,
James M. Aramini,
Kazuyuki Akasaka,
Kevin H. Gardner
Posted 26 Aug 2020
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.25.267195
Small molecule binding within internal cavities provides a way to control protein function and structure, as exhibited in numerous natural and artificial settings. Unfortunately, most ways to identify suitable cavities require high-resolution structures a priori and may miss potential cryptic sites. Here we address this limitation via high-pressure solution NMR spectroscopy, taking advantage of the distinctive nonlinear pressure-induced chemical shift changes observed in proteins containing internal cavities and voids. We developed a method to rapidly characterize such nonlinearity among backbone 1H and 15N amide signals without needing to have sequence-specific chemical shift assignments, taking advantage of routinely available 15N-labeled samples, instrumentation, and 2D 1H/15N HSQC experiments. From such data, we find a strong correlation in the site-to-site variability in such nonlinearity with the total void volume within proteins, providing insights useful for prioritizing domains for ligand binding and indicating mode-of-action among such protein/ligand systems. We suggest that this approach provides a rapid and useful way to rapidly assess otherwise hidden dynamic architectures of protein that reflect fundamental properties associated with ligand binding and control. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
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