GWAS on family history of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a public health priority for the 21st century. Risk reduction currently revolves around lifestyle changes with much research trying to elucidate the biological underpinnings. Using parental history of Alzheimer's dementia for case ascertainment in a genome-wide association study of over 300,000 participants from UK Biobank (32,222 maternal cases, 16,613 paternal cases) and meta-analysing with published consortium data (n=74,046 with 25,580 cases across the discovery and replication analyses), six new AD-associated loci (P<5x10-8) are identified. Three contain genes relevant for AD and neurodegeneration: ADAM10, ADAMTS4, and ACE. Suggestive loci include drug targets such as VKORC1 (warfarin dose) and BZRAP1 (benzodiazepine receptor). We report evidence that association of SNPs and AD at the PVR gene is potentially mediated by both gene expression and DNA methylation in the prefrontal cortex. Our discovered loci may help to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying AD and, given that many are existing drug targets for other diseases and disorders, warrant further exploration for potential precision medicine applications.

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