Structured Illumination Microscopy enables live imaging with resolutions of ~120 nm. Unfortunately, optical aberrations can lead to loss of resolution and artifacts in Structured Illumination Microscopy rendering the technique unusable in samples thicker than a single cell. Here we report on the combination of Adaptive Optics and Structured Illumination Microscopy enabling imaging with 140 nm lateral and 585 nm axial resolution in tissue culture cells, C. elegans, and rice blast fungus. We demonstrate that AO improves resolution and reduces artifacts, making full 3D SIM possible in thicker samples. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

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