Single cell profiling of immature human postnatal thymocytes resolves the complexity of intra-thymic lineage differentiation and thymus seeding precursors.
By
Marieke Lavaert,
Kai Ling Liang,
Niels Vandamme,
Jong-Eun Park,
Juliette Roels,
Monica S. Kowalczyk,
Bo Li,
Orr Ashenberg,
Marcin Tabaka,
Danielle Dionne,
Timothy L. Tickle,
Michal Slyper,
Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen,
Bart Vandekerckhove,
Georges Leclercq,
Aviv Regev,
Pieter Van Vlierberghe,
Martin Guilliams,
Sarah A Teichmann,
Yvan Saeys,
Tom Taghon
Posted 08 Apr 2020
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.07.007237
During postnatal life, thymopoiesis depends on the continuous colonization of the thymus by bone marrow derived hematopoietic progenitors that migrate through the bloodstream. In human, the nature of these thymus immigrants has remained unclear. Here, we employ single-cell RNA sequencing on approximately 70.000 CD34+ thymocytes to unravel the heterogeneity of the human immature postnatal thymocytes. Integration of bone marrow and peripheral blood precursors datasets identifies several putative thymus seeding precursors that display heterogeneity for currently used surface markers as revealed by CITEseq. Besides T cell precursors, we discover branches of intrathymic developing dendritic cells with predominantly plasmacytoid DCs. Trough trajectory inference, we delineate the transcriptional dynamics underlying early human T-lineage development from which we predict transcription factor modules that drive stage-specific steps of human T cell development. Thus, our work resolves the heterogeneity of thymus seeding precursors in human and reveals the molecular mechanisms that drive their in vivo cell fate.
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