Cryo-EM of dynein microtubule-binding domains shows how an axonemal dynein distorts the microtubule
By
Samuel E. Lacey,
Shaoda He,
Sjors H. W Scheres,
Andrew P. Carter
Posted 27 Mar 2019
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/590786
(published DOI: 10.7554/eLife.47145)
Dyneins are motor proteins responsible for transport in the cytoplasm and the beating of the axoneme in cilia and flagella. They bind and release microtubules via a compact microtubule-binding domain (MTBD) at the end of a long coiled-coil stalk. Here we address how cytoplasmic and axonemal dynein MTBDs bind microtubules at near atomic resolution. We decorated microtubules with MTBDs of cytoplasmic dynein-1 and axonemal dynein DNAH7 and determined their cryo-EM structures using the stand-alone Relion package. We show the majority of the MTBD is remarkably rigid upon binding, with the transition to the high affinity state controlled by the movement of a single helix at the MTBD interface. In addition DNAH7 contains an 18-residue insertion, found in many axonemal dyneins, that reaches over and contacts the adjacent protofilament. Unexpectedly we observe that DNAH7, but not dynein-1, induces large distortions in the microtubule cross-sectional curvature. This raises the possibility that dynein coordination in axonemes is mediated via conformational changes in the microtubule.
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