Exome sequencing identifies high-impact trait-associated alleles enriched in Finns
By
Adam E Locke,
Charleston W.K. Chiang,
Charleston WK Chiang,
Susan K Service,
Aki S Havulinna,
Laurel Stell,
Matti Pirinen,
Haley J Abel,
Colby C Chiang,
Robert S Fulton,
Anne U. Jackson,
Chul Joo Kang,
Krishna L Kanchi,
Daniel C Koboldt,
David E Larson,
Joanne Nelson,
Thomas J. Nicholas,
Arto Pietilä,
Vasily Ramensky,
Debashree Ray,
Laura J Scott,
Heather M Stringham,
Jagadish Vangipurapu,
Ryan P. Welch,
Pranav Yajnik,
Xianyong Yin,
Johan G. Eriksson,
Mika Ala-Korpela,
Marjo-Riitta Järvelin,
Minna Männikkö,
Hannele Laivuori,
FinnGen Project,
Susan K. Dutcher,
Nathan O Stitziel,
Richard K Wilson,
Ira M Hall,
Chiara Sabatti,
Aarno Palotie,
Veikko Salomaa,
Markku Laakso,
Samuli Ripatti,
Michael Boehnke,
Nelson B Freimer
Posted 07 Nov 2018
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/464255
As yet undiscovered rare variants are hypothesized to substantially influence an individual’s risk for common diseases and traits, but sequencing studies aiming to identify such variants have generally been underpowered. In isolated populations that have expanded rapidly after a population bottleneck, deleterious alleles that passed through the bottleneck may be maintained at much higher frequencies than in other populations. In an exome sequencing study of nearly 20,000 cohort participants from northern and eastern Finnish populations that exemplify this phenomenon, most novel trait-associated deleterious variants are seen only in Finland or display frequencies more than 20 times higher than in other European populations. These enriched alleles underlie 34 novel associations with 21 disease-related quantitative traits and demonstrate a geographical clustering equivalent to that of Mendelian disease mutations characteristic of the Finnish population. Sequencing studies in populations without this unique history would require hundreds of thousands to millions of participants for comparable power for these variants.
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