Cryo-EM shows how dynactin recruits two dyneins for faster movement
By
Linas Urnavicius,
Clinton K. Lau,
Mohamed M. Elshenawy,
Edgar Morales-Rios,
Carina Motz,
Ahmet Yildiz,
Andrew P. Carter
Posted 31 Aug 2017
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/183160
(published DOI: 10.1038/nature25462)
Dynein and its cofactor dynactin form a highly processive microtubule motor in the presence of an activating adaptor, such as BICD2. Different adaptors link dynein/dynactin to distinct cargos. Here we use electron microscopy (EM) and single molecule studies to show that adaptors can recruit a second dynein to dynactin. Whereas BICD2 is biased toward recruiting a single dynein, the adaptors BICDR1 and HOOK3 predominantly recruit two. We find that the shift toward a double dynein complex increases both force and speed. A 3.5 Å cryo-EM reconstruction of a dynein tail/dynactin/BICDR1 complex reveals how dynactin can act as a scaffold to coordinate two dyneins side by side. Our work provides a structural basis for how diverse adaptors recruit different numbers of dyneins and regulate the motile properties of the dynein/dynactin transport machine.
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