Variability of Accessory Proteins Rules the SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenicity
By
Sk. Sarif Hassan,
Pabitra Pal Choudhury,
Vladimir N Uversky,
Guy W. Dayhoff,
Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
Bruce Uhal,
Kenneth Lundstrom,
Nima Rezaei,
Murat Seyran,
Damiano Pizzol,
Parise Adadi,
Amos Lal,
Antonio Soares,
Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz,
Ramesh Kandimalla,
Murtaza Tambuwala,
Gajendra Kumar Azad,
Samendra P Sherchan,
Wagner Baetas-da-Cruz,
Kazuo Takayama,
Ángel Serrano-Aroca,
Gaurav Chauhan,
Giorgio Palu,
Adam Brufsky
Posted 08 Nov 2020
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.06.372227
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is pandemic with an estimated fatality rate less than 1% is ongoing. SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF7b, ORF8, and ORF10 with putative functions to manipulate host immune mechanisms such as interferons, immune signaling receptor NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome, inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin β (IL-1β) are critical in COVID-19 pathology. Outspread variations of each of the six accessory proteins of all complete proteomes (available as of October 26, 2020, in the National Center for Biotechnology Information depository) of SARS-CoV-2, were observed across six continents. Across all continents, the decreasing order of percentage of unique variations in the accessory proteins was found to be ORF3a>ORF8>ORF7a>ORF6>ORF10>ORF7b. The highest and lowest unique variations of ORF3a were observed in South America and Oceania, respectively. This finding suggests that the wide variations of accessory proteins seem to govern the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, and consequently, certain propositions and recommendations can be made in the public interest. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
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